Battle of Badar (624 AD) [Battle of Badar (624 AD)] During the life of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH), he had to fight numerous battles with the infidels including the Quraysh of Makkah. The Battle of Badr is the first of these. This is discussed below:
According to the historian Hitti, “The battle of Badar laid the foundation of Muhammad’s temporal power. Islam had won its first and decisive military victory”, that is, “The battle of Badar is the foundation of the earthly power of Muhammad (PBUH). Islam achieved its first final and military victory.” In 610 AD, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) received prophethood and was commanded to preach Islam. But unable to withstand the oppression of Quraysh in Madinah, he migrated from Mecca to Madinah by the command of Allah. Two years after the Hijra, the battle between Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Quraish at Badr in 624 AD is known as the Battle of Badr in the history of Islam.
Background of the Battle of Badr: The importance of this battle is immense compared to the major battles in the history of the world. The Battle of Badr was small, but it was a battle to test the fate of Muslims. After the Hijra, the influence and prestige of the Muslims in Madinah increased manifold. The Quraysh of Makkah expelled the Muslims from Makkah but failed to undermine their power. The Quraish became desperate to destroy Islam and the Muslims and attacked the Muslims in 624 AD, just two years after the Hijrah.
Reasons for the Battle of Badr: The reasons for the Battle of Badr are discussed below:
The enmity of Quraish of Makkah: In 622 AD, Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) migrated from Makkah to Madinah to spread Islam. Within two years of moving from Mecca to Medina, Islam spread. As a result, the level of smuggling by the Quraish increased and the Quraish began to conspire to wipe out the Muslims of Medina. Conspiracy of Abdullah Ibn Ubair: Abdullah bin Ubair, leader of the Khazraj dynasty, was an influential man in Madinah. His dream was to become the future ruler of Medina. However, after the migration of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), he openly professed his allegiance to Islam but was angry with Islam. Because of the establishment of the Islamic Republic in Madinah, his desire to become a ruler was destroyed forever, so he formed a hypocritical group against the Holy Prophet (S.) and Islam and made a secret conspiracy with the Quraysh of Makkah.
Betrayal of the Jews: Despite the religious and civil liberties given to the Jews living in Medina, the Jews never took kindly to the Muslims. In addition, they secretly engaged in various conspiracies with the Quraysh of Makkah and tried to destroy the state and religion of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Historian Amir Ali said, “Madina itself was honeycombed by sedition and treachery.
Power of Muslims in Madinah: In Madinah the Holy Prophet (PBUH) established an Islamic state through the ‘Charter’. People of all religions lived in Madinah in harmony and harmony. As a result, the status and power of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) increased in Madinah. When the Quraysh were alarmed by the advance of the Muslims and advanced to attack Medina to destroy them, a battle took place at the edge of Badr.
Fear of blocking trade routes: Makar elite Quraysh had trade relations with Syria and Parg. Because the trade route was under the control of Madinah, the Quraish started plotting to attack Madinah, fearing that the Muslims might diminish this pride.
Invasion of Medina by Quraish: The Quraish of Makkah attacked the Muslims on the border of Medina from time to time. Even Quraysh used to destroy the crops and plunder the wealth of the Muslims. He used to harm the Muslims by kidnapping camels and dumbas.
Battle of Nakhla: The first clash between Muslims living in Madinah with the Quraysh took place at Nakhla, which is known in history as the Battle of Nakhla. Muhammad (PBUH) sent Abdullah with 12 companions to South Arabia to stop the Quraysh from plundering Madinah. Abdullah clashed with Quraysh at Nakhla. In the battle of Nakhla, one Quraysh was killed but two others were captured. They were later released in exchange for 1,600 dirhams. The success of the Nakhla campaign inspired the Muslims to launch another full-scale campaign later on. Maulana Muhammad Ali said, “The Quraysh’s anxiety to destroy the growing power of Islam was the only reason for the war.” Rumors and false propaganda of Abu Sufyan: Quraysh leader Abu Sufyan traveled safely to Syria to collect weapons on the pretext of trade. But news reached Mecca that the Quraish caravan had been attacked by the Muslims of Medina on its way back to Mecca. He had with him wealth worth about 50,000 dinars belonging to the elite of Makkah. So without verifying the truth of the incident, the Quraysh marched to Medina with about 1,000 troops under the leadership of Abu Jahal (including 700 cavalry, 100 cavalry, and 200 infantry). On hearing the news of the arrival of Quraysh, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) became worried.
Bani Love: The Prophet (PBUH) was worried about the news of the attack on Madinah and prayed to God about what to do next. Immediately the message was revealed, “Fight those who fight you. But don’t cross the line. Because God does not like transgressors” (Al-Qur’an). After receiving blessings, the Holy Prophet (S) set out to protect the Islamic state of Madinah. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) set up a Muslim camp at the foot of Al-Arisa Hill with 238 Ansar and 86 Muhajirin on the advice of the War Cabinet.
Preparations for the Battle of Badr: When the Holy Prophet (PBUH) reached the desert of Badr 80 miles from Mecca with only 313 Muslim forces, he received the news of the advance of Abu Jahal with a large force. On the morning of the 17th Ramadan of the second Hijri (March 13, 624 AD), the ambitious Abu Jahal found the Muslim soldiers occupying all the water wells of Badr. Abu Jehal attacked the Muslims, thinking that they would suffer due to lack of water. hi
Events of the battle’: According to the Arabic tradition, in the first battle of Quraysh, when Utba, Shaiba, and Walid advanced, Hamza, Ali, and Abu Ubaydah defeated the Quraysh under the command of the Holy Prophet (S). Seeing no other way, Abu Jehal ambushed the Muslims. The Muslim warriors resisted the attack with great courage. After three days of fighting on the 17th, 19th, and 21st of Ramadan, the Quraysh forces were defeated and fled. 70 Quraysh including Abu Jahel were killed in the battle. On the other hand, 14 Muslims were martyred. A ransom of only 4000 dirhams was set. Poor prisoners were ‘released on a promise’ not to oppose the Muslims.
Results and Importance of the Battle of Badr: The victory in the Battle of Badr strengthened the foundation of Muhammad’s (PBUH) earthly power. Neglected Muslim society won with Quraysh to save Islam and the state from destruction. Some aspects of the importance of the Buddha of Badr are:
Victory of Islam: According to historian Joseph Hale, “The victory at the Battle of Badr was the first military victory of Islam.” This proves the superiority of Muslims over their native countrymen. It is a burning fact that the Battle of Badr is a landmark and important achievement in the history of Islam.
Defeat of the Quraish: The Quraish were finally defeated in the Battle of Badr, killing Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and their desire to destroy Islam from the face of the earth failed forever. As a result, the Quraish became enraged many times and later there was a war between them.
Establishment of the Islamic Republic: The establishment and expansion of the Islamic Republic, and over the next hundred years, Islam spread from the continent of Africa in the west to India in the east.
Muslim prestige and self-confidence increase: A small number of Muslims are boosted by their victory over thousands of Quraysh. The morale, strength, courage, and enthusiasm of the Muslims increased. As a result, Muslims were inspired to become martyrs.
Victory of Truth: The victory of Muslims in the Battle of Badr was the victory of knowledge over ignorance, the victory of truth over untruth, and the victory of faith over unbelief.
Propagation and spread of Islam: Victory in the Battle of Badr ushered in a new era in the propagation of Islam. Historian Josek Hale said, “The attraction of the Arab world and even the world to Islam grew. People accepted Islam in droves. Islam spread to the Arabian Peninsula in just a few years
Demoralization of Jews and Christians: The defeat in the Battle of Badr demoralized the Jews and Christians of Madinah. They rise to destroy the Muslim power. Generosity of Muslims By winning the Battle of Badr, Muslims showed compassion and kindness to the Qandites of Quraish. As a result, other nations of the world learned this greatness from Muslims
Consolidation of Muhammad (PBUH)’s Power: Victory at the Battle of Badr led to Prophet Muhammad’s (pbuh) victory at the Battle of Khandak in 627 AD, Treaty of Hudaybiyah in 628 AD, Conquest of Makkah in 630 AD, Battle of Muta in 629 AD, Battle of Hunayan in 630 AD and Tabuk Campaign in 631 AD. By winning, he promoted Islam on the one hand and strengthened his independence on the other.
The foundation of Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) earthly power was laid: Muslims were victorious and Quraysh were defeated at the Battle of Badr. Defeated Quraysh lost wealth, and Muslims gained wealth. Some notables of Quraish were Abu Jahal, Shukra, Utba, Al-Harith, Nawfal, and Shayba who lost their lives on the battlefield. On the other hand, Muhammad (pbuh) assumed sole power as the statesman of the Madinah state. His influence and prestige grew in the Arab world. So historian Hitti said, “The battle of Badar laid the foundation of Muhammad’s temporal power, Islam had won its first and decisive military victory”. In other words, as a military conflict, however insignificant Badr may be, in this battle Muhammad (pbuh) established the foundation of earthly power. Islam achieved its first and final military victory. Finally, it can be said that although the battle of Badr is small, the importance of this battle in the history of Islam is immense. If this war had not been won, the Spanish religion might not have been established on earth. As a result of the victory in the battle of Badr, Muslims tried to establish a nation, Islam as a religion in the Arabian Peninsula and the world. Thus the Battle of Badr of 624 AD occupies an important place. As a result of the victory in this war, the earthly power of Muhammad (PBUH) was strengthened. Encyclopedia Britannica mentions, “The Battle of Badar is not only the most celebrated battle in the memory of Muslims it was also of a great historical importance.”
